Techniques For Improving The Efficiency Of Excavator Leveling

Publication Date: 2025-06-24

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In the field of engineering construction, the leveling operation of excavator is not only the key link of site forming, but also the core index to measure the skill level of operators. Faced with the general confusion of "why others can complete leveling in two hours, but they need to take one morning", industry experts combined with first-line construction experience, systematically sorted out five core technical points of leveling operation, and provided practitioners with practical operation plans for efficiency improvement.

I. Special bucket and operation precision control
The core tool of the leveling operation is the bucket. Compared with the standard configuration, the widened toothless bucket can improve the operation efficiency by more than 30% by increasing the contact area, especially for the leveling of soft soil. The operation should follow the "golden 45° rule" : the swing range of the forearm is strictly controlled within 45°, and the plane control is realized through the precise adjustment of the bucket tooth cutting depth. It is worth noting that customized leveling bucket has been widely used in overseas construction sites, and domestic machine owners can also realize simple modification by welding thick steel plates.

Techniques For Improving The Efficiency Of Excavator Leveling

Ii. Dynamic path planning and range optimization
Path planning directly affects the efficiency of large area leveling. Experienced operators use the "serpentine propulsion method" to keep the fuselage in a straight line and cover the outside edge of the track in a single run to reduce the number of repeated turns. In the face of high-precision conditions, it is necessary to switch to the "grid operation mode", and the operation surface is divided into 1.5m×1.5m standard cells, and the "digging-level-measurement" closed-loop operation is completed in each cell. The measured data of a municipal project show that the flatness error can be controlled within ±2cm by this mode.

Iii. Reference frame construction and visual calibration techniques
In complex scenes such as slope integration, the choice of reference becomes the key to efficiency. The technical benchmark case shows that the cement pavement joint, the straight section of the kerb or the elevation pile are used as the reference, and the laser level of the body (optional) can reduce the slope control error by 60%. For the lack of obvious reference site, the construction side usually uses the "three-line positioning method" : the control line, slope line and inspection line are arranged around the operation area, and the operator compares the relative position of the bucket and the marking line through the rearview mirror in real time.

4. Field of view enhancement and multidimensional observation system
Aiming at the industrial pain point of the limited field of vision of the excavator, the technical team put forward the "panoramic control scheme" : remove the restriction lock of the front windshield, keep the doors and Windows of the cab fully open, and cooperate with the rotating seat to realize 320° non-dead Angle observation. In the precision leveling stage, it is recommended to get off the car every 20 minutes to check, and use the "three-point touchdown method" - feel the ground fluctuation with the foot and fine-tune the operation with the data of the level. The practice of an infrastructure project shows that this process can reduce the rework rate by 45%.

V. Accessory coordination and post-processing technology

The model equipped with a bulldozer can implement the "grading leveling method" : first complete the ±10cm rough level with a bulldozer, and then replace the bucket for fine leveling, and the overall efficiency is improved by more than 50%. In view of the settlement problem of soft soil foundation, the "track compaction process" was innovated to achieve 90% compaction through low speed round-trip driving, replacing the traditional roller process. In the farmland transformation project, the process has realized the one-stop operation of "leveling, compacting-seeding".

Techniques For Improving The Efficiency Of Excavator Leveling